Ten Fetters


Talking about fetters, I'm more intimidated by the fetters of Jacob Marley, the dead business partner of the miser Ebenezer Scrooge in Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol than the ten fetters of Buddhism. Doesn't his spirit appear to Ebenezer in fetters? In fact, his spirit has to drag a heavy chain with heavy money boxes and padlocks as he walks in eternity. The ten Buddhist fetters comparatively looks rather tame. Or maybe you'd like to delve deeper into these ten fetters:

  • belief in a self (sakkāya-diṭṭhi)
  • doubt or uncertainty (vicikicchā)
  • attachment to rites and rituals (sīlabbata-parāmāsa)
  • sensual desire (kāmacchando)
  • ill will (byāpādo)
  • lust for material existence, lust for material rebirth (rūparāgo)
  • lust for immaterial existence, lust for rebirth in a formless realm (arūparāgo)
  • conceit (māna)
  • restlessness (uddhacca)
  • ignorance (avijjā)

Comments